RKTechGame | Writing Test Cases in JUnit

Test Case likhne ki jarurat aur importance

Test cases wo instructions hote hain jo aapke code ke functions aur features ki correctness ko validate karte hain. Acche test cases bugs jaldi pakadne me madad karte hain aur production quality code ensure karte hain.

Best Practices for Writing Test Cases

• Chhote aur focused tests likhein: Har test ek hi behavior ko verify kare taaki debugging aasaan ho.
• Clear aur descriptive test names use karein: Jaise givenEmptyList_whenCalculateAverage_thenReturnZero.
• Expected aur actual results ko clearly assert kare: Assert messages den jo failure ke waqt helpful ho.
• Test data ko constants ya setup methods me rakhein taaki reuse ho sake.
• Preconditions aur postconditions define karein: Matlab test ke pehle aur baad kya state honi chahiye.

JUnit Test Case Basic Example

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

public class CalculatorTest {
    private Calculator calculator;

    @Before
    public void setup() {
        calculator = new Calculator();
    }

    @Test
    public void testAdd_positiveNumbers() {
        int result = calculator.add(5, 3);
        assertEquals("5 + 3 should be 8", 8, result);
    }

    @Test
    public void testSubtract_negativeNumbers() {
        int result = calculator.subtract(5, 8);
        assertEquals("5 - 8 should be -3", -3, result);
    }
}

Is example me @Before annotation setup method ko run karta hai before har test. Har test me assert method se expected aur actual result check hota hai.

Test Case Writing ke Tips

• Har test ko independent banaye taaki test order ka asar na pade.
• Error messages clear aur helpful hone chahiye.
• Boundary conditions aur edge cases ko test karein.
• Negative scenarios aur exception handling bhi test karen.